The special subdominant, also known as the Neapolitan chord, is a chromatic chord that is built on the lowered second degree of the scale. In the key of C major, for example, the special subdominant would be a D-flat major chord. It is called "special" because it has a unique and distinct sound that adds color and tension to the harmony. The special subdominant is often used in classical and romantic music to create a sense of drama and emotional intensity. **

In music theory, the tonic is the first note of a scale and serves as the home base or point of rest. The dominant is the fifth note of the scale and has a strong pull back to the tonic, creating a sense of tension and resolution. The subdominant is the fourth note of the scale and provides a sense of stability and preparation for the dominant and tonic. These three notes form the foundation of tonal harmony and are essential in creating musical tension and resolution. **

In music theory, the dominant is the fifth note of a diatonic scale and has a strong pull towards the tonic, which is the first note of the scale. The double dominant refers to the second note of the scale, which also has a strong pull towards the tonic. The subdominant is the fourth note of the scale and provides a sense of stability and resolution, often leading back to the tonic. These terms are commonly used to describe the relationships between different notes in a musical key. **

The tonic is the first note of a scale and serves as the home base or resting point in a piece of music. The subdominant is the fourth note of the scale and creates a sense of tension or anticipation. The dominant is the fifth note of the scale and has a strong pull back to the tonic, creating a sense of resolution. In a typical chord progression, the order would be tonic, subdominant, dominant, and then back to the tonic, creating a sense of stability and resolution. **

To form a subdominant, you would take the fourth note of the scale and build a chord on that note. For example, in the key of C major, the subdominant chord would be an F major chord. To form a dominant, you would take the fifth note of the scale and build a chord on that note. In the key of C major, the dominant chord would be a G major chord. These chords are important in music theory as they create tension and resolution within a musical piece. **

In the key of B major, the subdominant is E major, the dominant is F# major, and the tonic is B major. These chords are essential in establishing the tonal center and harmonic progression in music written in the key of B major. The subdominant chord (E major) provides a sense of stability and resolution, the dominant chord (F# major) creates tension and a sense of direction, and the tonic chord (B major) serves as the home base and point of resolution in the key of B major. **

An extended cadence with tonic and subdominant chords and chord extensions is a musical progression that includes the I (tonic) and IV (subdominant) chords, with added chord extensions such as 7ths, 9ths, or 13ths. This type of cadence creates a rich and complex harmonic texture, adding color and depth to the sound. It is commonly used in jazz, blues, and other contemporary music styles to create a sense of resolution and finality at the end of a musical phrase or section. **

In music theory, tonic, subdominant, and dominant are terms used to describe the relationship between different chords in a key. The tonic chord is the first chord of a key and provides a sense of resolution and stability. The dominant chord is the fifth chord of a key and creates tension that leads back to the tonic chord. The subdominant chord is the fourth chord of a key and provides a sense of departure from the tonic, leading to the dominant chord. These three chords are fundamental in creating harmonic movement and structure in music compositions. **